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LIQUID COOLING 101
The following pages are intended to provide you with a better understanding of Koolance products
and liquid cooling in general.
The Basics of Heat Transfer
Liquid Cooling Design
Radiators
CPU Cooler
Koolance
Hot Gets Hotter
As transistor sizes continue to decrease, chip manufacturers pack even more on to the processor.
In 1992, a 486/DX2 66Mhz CPU consumed about 7W of power (with 1.2 million transistors). It didn't
even require a cooling fan.
In 2003, the Itanium II debuting at 1GHz, used up to 130W (with 220 million transistors). By 2006,
processors could be in the *6GHz range (*PC Magazine 02/03). The final method for cooling these
chips is currently unknown.
This is to say nothing of the rapid heat escalation in video cards, which are on the verge of
overtaking processors in heat output. Other components have also followed this tendency toward
higher heat outputs with each consecutive generation.
Koolance has long believed liquid to be the next evolutionary phase in computer cooling systems.
Major processor and video card manufacturers have been devising water-based concepts for years,
anticipating the point when air cooling would simply reach its limit. CPU Max Power Consumption
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Heat-producing devices in a typical computer are cooled by air. Generally, this involves mounting
a heat sink and fan to each component. Heat generated from your CPU is transferred into a metal
heat sink, where a fan blows air across its wider surface area.
Heat Flow in a Typical Fan & Heat Sink
Koolance, the Koolance logo, Hydra-Pak, Exos, and the Exos logo are trademarks or registered
trademarks of Koolance Incorporated.